SWLAW Blog | Events

April 16, 2025
Stephen Vladeck Delivers 2025 Montgomery Lecture on Supreme Court Power and Accountability
Georgetown Law Professor Stephen I. Vladeck delivered ¶¶Ņõapp¹Ł·½°ęās 2025 Kenneth and Harle Montgomery Lecture on March 24, 2025, where he built a case that the U.S. Supreme Court has never been more powerfulāor more unaccountable.
āThis is a Court thatās spending a finite amount of institutional capital, and itās running out,ā Vladeck said.
Framing his remarks around āthe Court we have, the Court we had, and the Court we need,ā Vladeck demonstrated how the Court has gradually cut itself off from the systems that once held it accountable.
One result, he said, is the rise of the āshadow docket,ā a term he helped popularize. Todayās Court hears fewer cases than at any point since 1864 but increasingly issues emergency rulings with major consequences. āGreenlighting executions, blocking immigration policy, reshaping election rules, without full briefing, without oral argument, often without explanation.ā
āWe should be invested in bolstering the Court as an institutionāso it can actually serve its role in our constitutional system.ā
That lack of transparency, he warned, is undermining public trust. He characterized the current Supreme Court as āa Court thatās doing less and less because of all the power it has accumulated, because it does what it wants,ā he said.
He pointed to the Courtās near-total control over its own process as both a symptom and a source of that power. āThereās no mandatory jurisdiction for the Supreme Court anymore,ā he said. āThey decide what they want to decide, when they want to decide it, how they want to decide it, and how much they want to tell us.ā That discretion, he argued, allows the justices to take high-stakes cases, issue rulings with little explanation, and shield themselves from meaningful public scrutiny.

But the Court wasnāt always this isolated. Vladeck described how Congress once managed the Courtās size, schedule, and budget, and even threatened to revoke pensions to encourage retirement. āDear Ward Hunt,ā he said, paraphrasing an actual proclamation. āWe would like you to get off the Court. Love, Congress.ā
āItās not that earlier justices were saints or geniuses,ā he added. āItās that they didnāt think they were on an island.ā
Restoring that accountability, he explained, doesnāt require radical reform. Congress still holds tools it once used, sometimes aggressively, to influence the Courtās behavior, from budget control to jurisdictional threats. While not all of those tactics would be appropriate today, Vladeck argued they reflect a tradition of meaningful oversight that has largely disappeared and needs to be revived in some form.
He also called for a shift in how the public talks about the Court. āTalk about the Court not just ideologically, but institutionally,ā he said. āWe should be invested in bolstering the Court as an institution so it can actually serve its role in our constitutional system.ā
Despite his critique, Vladeck struck a hopeful note. The Courtās recent adoption of a formal ethics code may be toothless, he said, but it happened. āThat was because people cared. Because public pressure still works.ā
He concluded by noting that legitimacy can be restoredānot by weakening the Court, but by rebuilding the systems that keep its power in check. āThe Court we need,ā he said, āis one that doesnāt just wield power, but earns the publicās trust.ā